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In alt.os.linux.slackware, notbob dared to utter,
> the first time I tried it with regular apostrophes, nada. But with the left
> hand apostrophe, voila! Why does this work. ...or at least point me to a
> read. man bash?

Because single quotes tell the shell to do absolutely no interpretation
of what is inside them. So:

# echo $SHELL
/bin/bash
# echo '$SHELL'
$SHELL

Backticks tell the shell to execute what's between them first and
substitute the results in its place.

# ls 'which vi'
File not found
# ls `which vi`
/usr/bin/vi

- --
It is better to hear the rebuke of the wise,
Than for a man to hear the song of fools.
Ecclesiastes 7:5
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notbob wrote:
| On 2004-09-22, Blumf <blumf@hot.mail.com> wrote:
|
|
|>$ ls -l `which vi`
|>lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 5 2004-07-10 18:41 /usr/bin/vi -> elvis
|
|
| Wow. What a neat command. Like a shortcut pipe. Works from
anywhere. But,
| the first time I tried it with regular apostrophes, nada. But with
the left
| hand apostrophe, voila! Why does this work. ...or at least point me to a
| read. man bash?
|
| nb

The backticks substitute the output of the inner command into the
command line.
Thus,

$ ls -l `which vi`

is the same as:

$ which vi
/usr/bin/vi
[cut-n-paste '/usr/bin/vi']
$ ls -l /usr/bin/vi
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 5 2004-07-10 18:41 /usr/bin/vi -> elvis

Of course, this is dead handy for shell scripts that *can't*
cut-and-paste otherwise.

It's all in the bash manual, but I recommend info rather than man, even
though I usually prefer man pages.

HTH,
Ross


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On 2004-09-24, Ross Kendall Axe <ross.axe@blueyonder.co.uk> wrote:

> The backticks substitute the output of the inner command into the
> command line.

Nice, succinct, explanation, and I thank you for that. OTOH, it doesn't
seem to be reliable. When used with "cups" instead of "vi", it gives me a whole
bunch of:

which: no cups in
(/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/usr/games:/opt/www/htdig/bin:/usr/lib/java/bin:/usr/lib/java/jre/bin:/opt/kde/bin:/usr/lib/qt/bin:/usr/share/texmf/bin:.:/home/notbob/bin:/bin:/sbin)

.....and then throws in my whole home directory to boot, like I'd issued a
regular ls -al. Then, to make things worse, I can't even cut'n paste the
command to show what I did, as it seems backticks in jed under Konsole not
only don't translate under cut'n paste, they don't even translate, a bunch
of ^'s replacing them. It appears I have a wandered into a whole new quagmire
of *nix sophistry (why am I not surprised? . Looks like that backtick
thingie is one bodacious powerful mo'chickie. I'll flog it as soon as I get
my samba print server up.

nb ...samba go, printer no

On 2004-09-22, Mark Hill <mrhill@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Wed, 22 Sep 2004 10:04:40 GMT,
> Ed LaBonte <ed@NOSPAMlabonte.com> wrote:
>> Elvis is the default vi editor with
>> slackware. Is this because it has some advantages over vim or is it
>> because it is closer to the original vi?
>
> I'd imagine it's because Elvis is closer to the original vi, and
> therefore more what a new user would expect from typing 'vi'.
>
>> What are its advantages over vim
>> (if any)?

I was looking thru the docs for elvis and I noticed it talked about
some things I hadn't seen before. I never paid much attention to it-
it's just a plain, bare-bones VI clone, right? Well, I downloaded and
recompiled it from source. I was amazed to see that it's alot like
Vim, with sytax highlighting, selectable colors, themes, and it can
even use background XPM's (it reminds me of an Eterm window). When
under X11, it runs in it's own window as well, with a scroll bar,
toolbar, mouse support, cut & paste- everything. If you should still
want to, it runs in text mode and can restrict itself to the old
bare-bones VI style. I knew that some Slack editors don't include all
their features by default, but I really had no idea elvis was this
nice of an editor. Now I use it as much or more than some of my
others. If you're looking to try a "new" editor, compile elvis from
the sources with the X support and all its feature left in. The URL is
in the man page, and there are a bunch of themes there for it as well.
It can even download them directly, and read html pages of the 'Net.

--
--- SIGSEGV (Segmentation fault) @ 0 (0) ---
+++ killed by SIGSEGV +++

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notbob wrote:

> On 2004-09-24, Ross Kendall Axe <ross.axe@blueyonder.co.uk> wrote:
>
>> The backticks substitute the output of the inner command into the
>> command line.
>
> Nice, succinct, explanation, and I thank you for that. OTOH, it doesn't
> seem to be reliable. When used with "cups" instead of "vi", it gives me a
> whole bunch of:
>
> which: no cups in
> (/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:...<snip>

There is no cups executable, hence 'which' tells you it can't find it in the
given $PATH.

cupsd exists:

# which cupsd
/usr/sbin/cupsd

Also, just noticed this myself, apparently the backquotes are to be phased
out in favor of $() so 'ls -l $(which vi)' is the hip new way to do things.

http://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/commandsub.html
/usr/doc/Linux-HOWTOs/Bash-Prompt-HOWTO (section 3.3)

Blumf

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In alt.os.linux.slackware, Blumf dared to utter,
> Also, just noticed this myself, apparently the backquotes are to be phased
> out in favor of $() so 'ls -l $(which vi)' is the hip new way to do things.

Not just the new hip way, the new better way. $() can be layered,
whereas backticks cannot. For example:

$(which ls $(which cupsd)) # will work
`which ls `which cupsd`` # will not

Ouput is something like:

/bin/ls /usr/sbin/cupsd
/bin/ls which cupsd

- --
It is better to hear the rebuke of the wise,
Than for a man to hear the song of fools.
Ecclesiastes 7:5
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pgp trash troll delete

Hicks, Alan
188 Shady Dale Dr
Lizella, GA 31052
478-935-8132

+Alan Hicks+ <alan@lizella.network> wrote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
>
> In alt.os.linux.slackware, notbob dared to utter,
>> the first time I tried it with regular apostrophes, nada. But with the left
>> hand apostrophe, voila! Why does this work. ...or at least point me to a
>> read. man bash?
>
> Because single quotes tell the shell to do absolutely no interpretation
> of what is inside them. So:
>
> # echo $SHELL
> /bin/bash
> # echo '$SHELL'
> $SHELL
>
> Backticks tell the shell to execute what's between them first and
> substitute the results in its place.
>
> # ls 'which vi'
> File not found
> # ls `which vi`
> /usr/bin/vi
>
> - --
> It is better to hear the rebuke of the wise,
> Than for a man to hear the song of fools.
> Ecclesiastes 7:5
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> KEOkTssMsJrdw8rKZtotDDI=
> =/KTM
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NOTE: This message was sent thru a mail2news gateway.
No effort was made to verify the identity of the sender.
--------------------------------------------------------

pgp trash troll delete

Hicks, Alan
188 Shady Dale Dr
Lizella, GA 31052
478-935-8132

+Alan Hicks+ <alan@lizella.network> wrote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
>
> In alt.os.linux.slackware, Blumf dared to utter,
>> Also, just noticed this myself, apparently the backquotes are to be phased
>> out in favor of $() so 'ls -l $(which vi)' is the hip new way to do things.
>
> Not just the new hip way, the new better way. $() can be layered,
> whereas backticks cannot. For example:
>
> $(which ls $(which cupsd)) # will work
> `which ls `which cupsd`` # will not
>
> Ouput is something like:
>
> /bin/ls /usr/sbin/cupsd
> /bin/ls which cupsd
>
> - --
> It is better to hear the rebuke of the wise,
> Than for a man to hear the song of fools.
> Ecclesiastes 7:5
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_.-In alt.os.linux.slackware, +Alan Hicks+ wrote the following -._
> Not just the new hip way, the new better way. $() can be layered,
> whereas backticks cannot. For example:
>
> $(which ls $(which cupsd)) # will work
> `which ls `which cupsd`` # will not

Not only is nesting[0] possible with $() but the $() makes the code a
who lot easier to read. Sometimes that means more than anything.

[0] layered? Layering happins in a stack. Not in command
subsitituion.

- --
.-')) http://asciipr0n.com/fp ('-. | It's a damn poor mind that
' ..- .:" ) ( ":. -.. ' | can only think of one way to
((,,_;'.;' UIN=66618055 ';. ';_,,)) | spell a word.
((_.YIM=Faux_Pseudo :._)) | - Andrew Jackson
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On 2004-09-26, Faux_Pseudo <Faux_Pseudo@yahoo.comERCIAL> wrote:


>> Not just the new hip way, the new better way. $() can be layered,

> Not only is nesting[0] possible with $() but the $() makes the code a

I can see the advantages, but how is it the "new" hip way? I've started
learning bash programming and the bash-programming-intro-howto advises $(),
mentioning left ticks as an afterthought, and it's 4 years old.

nb